Moed Katan 19

Chapter 19

א ההדיוט תופר כדרכו: היכי דמי הדיוט אמרי דבי רבי ינאי כל שאינו יכול להוציא מלא מחט בבת אחת רבי יוסי בר חנינא אמר כל שאינו יכול לכוין אימרא בחפת חלוקו:
1 AN ORDINARY PERSON SEWS IN THE USUAL WAY. How do we define 'an ordinary person'? - At the school of R'Jannai they said, [It means] anyone who cannot draw a needleful
ב והאומן מכליב: מאי מכליב רבי יוחנן אמר מפסיע רבה בר שמואל אמר שיני כלבתא:
2 during their festivals, as the means afforded them by the Jew may go to enhance the heathen celebrations. The settlement of a debt leaves the debtor with an easy mind.
ג מסרגין את המטות: מאי מסרגין ומאי ממתחין כי אתא רב דימי אמר פליגי בה ר' חייא בר אבא ור' אסי ותרוייהו משמיה דחזקיה ור' יוחנן חד אמר מסרגין שתי וערב וממתחין שתי בלא ערב וחד אמר מסרגין שתי בלא ערב וממתחין שאם היה רפוי ממתחו
3 of stitches in one sweep. R'Jose B'Hainna said, [It means] anyone who cannot sew an even seam on the hem of his tunic.
ד איני והא תני רב תחליפא בר שאול ושוין שאין מפשילין חבלים לכתחלה בשלמא למאן דאמר מסרגין שתי וערב וממתחין שתי בלא ערב היינו דקתני רב תחליפא בר שאול ושוין שאין מפשילין חבלים לכתחלה
4 BUT A CRAFTSMAN MAY SEW A TUCK-STITCH. What is meant by sewing a 'tuck-stitch'? - R'Johanan said, [It means] 'overstepping'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Like a baste stitch, hot contiguous but in and out on either side of the material, alternatively.');"><sup>1</sup></span>
ה אלא למאן דאמר מסרגין שתי בלא ערב ממתחין שאם היה רפוי היה ממתחו השתא שתי וערב אמרת לא חבלים לכתחלה מיבעיא קשיא
5 Rabbah B'Samuel said, [It means that the stiches resemble] dogs' teeth.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Irregular in form, or unevenly. Cf. n. 9. on the Mishnah, supra 8b, p. 43.');"><sup>2</sup></span> AND THE CORDS MAY BE INTERLACED IN BED-FRAMES.
ו א"ל רב נחמן בר יצחק לרבי חייא בר אבין מי איכא למאן דאמר מסרגין שתי בלא ערב והתנן רבי מאיר אומר המטה משיסרוג בה שלשה בתים
6 [R'JOSE SAYS THEY MAY ONLY BE TIGHTENED]. What is meant by 'interlacing' and what by 'tightening'?
ז אלא כי אתא רבין אמר במסרגין כולי עלמא לא פליגי דשתי וערב אלא כי פליגי בממתחין מר סבר ממתחין שתי בלא ערב ומר סבר שאם היה רפוי ממתחו
7 When R'Dimi came [from Palestine] he said that R'Hiyya B'Abba and R'Assi had different views on this, both reporting in the name of Hezekiah and R'Johanan. One said that 'interlacing' meant [interlacing] both the warp and the woof, and that 'tightening' meant putting in the warp without the woof;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., putting in a cord or webbing in one direction only.');"><sup>3</sup></span>
ח מיתיבי מסרגין את המטה ואין צריך לומר שממתחין דברי ר' מאיר ר' יוסי אומר ממתחין אבל לא מסרגין וי"א אין ממתחין כל עיקר
8 while the other said that 'interlacing' meant putting in the warp without the woof, and tightening' meant that he may tighten a girth cord if it has become slack. But this cannot be [correct], for R'Tahlifa<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS.M.: Halafta.');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ט בשלמא למאן דאמר ממתחין שתי בלא ערב היינו דאתו יש אומרים לאיפלוגי אלא למאן דאמר שאם היה רפוי ממתחו ליש אומרים ממתחו נמי לא
9 B'Saul taught: 'And all agreed that no cords may be let in afresh'. Now this is perfectly in accord with the one who says that the 'interlacing' [permitted in the Mishnah] means interlacing both the warp and the woof, and that the 'tightening' [that R'Jose permitted] means putting in the warp without the woof; hence R'Tahlifa could say: 'And all agreed that no cords may be let in afresh' - But, according to one who says that 'interlacing' means putting in the warp without the woof and that 'tightening' means that he may tighten a cord if it has become slack, [how do you explain R'Tahlifa B'Saul's statement?
י אין כיון דאפשר לממלייה במאני לא טרחינן:
10 For,] if you say that interlacing the warp and the woof is forbidden, need one [at all state] that cords are not to be let in afresh? - This is a difficulty. Said R'Nahman B'Isaac to R'Hiyya b Abin: Is there anybody who applies the term 'Interlacing' to inserting a warp without the woof?
יא <big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> מעמידין תנור וכירים וריחים במועד ר' יהודה אומר אין מכבשין את הריחים בתחילה:
11 For surely we learned:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Kei. XVI, 1: 'Straight wooden frames, such as are used for litter or cradle, are not subject to ritual contamination until they are rubbed smooth with a fish-skin; R. Meir says, not (even then) until (the cords have been let in) and three spaces have been crossed by the woof cord'.');"><sup>5</sup></span> R'Meir says: A bed [frame] is not [subject to ritual defilement] until three warp spaces in it have been crossed?
יב <big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מאי מכבשין רב יהודה אמר מנקר ריחיא רב יחיאל אמר בת עינא
12 The fact is that when Rabin came [from Palestine] he said that all agree that 'interlacing' means interlacing the warp and woof; but where the difference arose was on the interpretation of 'tightening'; one Master held that the 'tightening' [that was permitted] was inserting the warp without the woof, and the other Master held [that what was allowed was] the tightening of a cord which has become slack. An objection was raised: Bed-frames may be interlaced [during the festival week] and needless to say that they may be tightened: these are the words of R'Meir.
יג מיתיבי מעמידין תנור וכירים במועד ובלבד שלא יגמור מלאכתן דברי רבי אליעזר וחכמים אומרים אף יגמור רבי יהודה אומר משמו מעמידין את החדשה ומכבשין את הישנה ויש אומרים אין מכבשין כל עיקר
13 R'Jose says: They may be tightened, but not interlaced and 'Some say'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Representing the view of R. Nathan the Babylonian. V. Hor., Sonc. ed. p. 104.');"><sup>6</sup></span> that tightening may not be done at all - Now here [the several views are] perfectly [understandable] according to the one who says that by 'tightening' is meant 'inserting the warp without the woof', as then, 'Some' come and express their dissent [on that kind of mending].
יד בשלמא למאן דאמר מכבשין מנקר ריחיא היינו דמשכחת לה בישנה אלא למאן דאמר בת עינא ישנה בת עינא למה לה כגון דקא בעי לארווחי טפי פורתא
14 But according to the one who says that by the 'tightening' [which is allowed] is meant that when a cord has become slack one may make it taut, then according to the view of 'Some' not even this [simple adjustment] is allowed! - Yes, indeed; because, since it is possible [temporarily] to fill [the sag] with bedclothes, we should not go to [further] exertion [during the festival week]. <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>AN OVEN STOVE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Probably of clay.');"><sup>7</sup></span>
טו רב הונא שמעיה לההוא גברא דקא מנקר ריחיא בחולא דמועדא אמר מאן האי איתחיל גופיה דקא מחיל חולא דמועדא סבר לה כיש אומרים
15 OR MILL MAY BE SET UP [IN POSITION] DURING THE FESTIVAL [WEEK]; R'JUDAH SAYS, A PAIR OF MILLSTONES IS NOT TO BE COMPRESSED FOR THE FIRST TIME [IN THE FESTIVAL WEEK]. <big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>What is meant by 'compressing'? - Rab Judah said that [it means] chiselling<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Scoring the grooves or scraping and removing the sediment of flour dust to make the two stones fit closely together.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
טז דרש רב חמא נוקרין ריחים במועד משום רבי מאיר אמר אפילו סוס שרוכב עליו וחמור שרוכב עליו (ומותר) ליטול צפרנים בחולו של מועד
16 the millstones; R'Jehiel said, It means [fixing] an eye-hole.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the upper stone, the runner, through which the grain is poured in.');"><sup>9</sup></span> An objection was raised: An oven or stove [or mill] may be set up in the festival [week], provided that the work is not entirely completed; these are the words of R'Eliezer; but the Sages say, It may even be finished off. R'Judah, speaking in his<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Eliezer's: he often cites R. Eliezer's views, which were stricter, as being of the Shammaite school.');"><sup>10</sup></span> name says: A new one may be set up and an old [mill] compressed, and 'Some'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' R. Nathan the Babylonian. V. p. 54, n. 2.');"><sup>11</sup></span> say compressing may not be done at all. Now this accords well with the one who says that 'compressing' means scoring the mill [stones], hence this process is applicable in the case of an old mill; but according to the one who says that it means [fixing] an eye-hole, what fixing of an eye-hole does an old mill need?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Surely an old mill has an eye-hole already.');"><sup>12</sup></span> - l may say, for instance, that it needs widening a little more. R'Huna [once] hearing someone scraping his millstones during the festival week said: ' Who is that? May he himself suffer desecration that desecrates the festival week!' He [evidently] held the view of 'Some say' [cited above]. R'Hama expounded:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On a Sabbath within a month before the festival.');"><sup>13</sup></span> 'One [may] scrape millstones during the festival [week]'. In the name of our Master<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So Han. MS. M. and many texts, i.e., Rab, which is the correct reading (not R. Meir of cur. edd.) .');"><sup>14</sup></span> they said: One [may] trim the hoofs of the horse he rides or the ass he rides during the festival week;
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